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I've included Mangrove Black-Hawk here not because
it is particularly rare in its range but because its taxonomic status
and identification criteria are somewhat vague. Mangrove Black-Hawk is apparently restricted
to mangroves and other moist habitat along the Pacific coast, and as such should be expected at
Tocumen Marsh and other coastal birding sites (the area around El Chirú in southern Coclé is probably
too dry for this species, although I'll bet it shows up there at some point). Ridgely states that this species is morphologically
and vocally virtually indistinguishable from Common Black-Hawk Buteogallus anthracinus in the field, and that specific identification
is best determined by range. But given that the ranges of these two species nearly overlap in Panama and elsewhere it would be nice if some field marks could
be employed! Photos and especially audio recordings of either of these species might prove helpful in determining range and taxonomic status of Mangrove Black-Hawk.
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